The Application of Hyperspectral Technology in Skin Detection

長期以來，高(gāo)光(guāng)譜(pǔ)成(chéng)像(xiàng)技術(shù)憑借(jiè)其(qí)在(zài)農(nóng)作物病(bìng)蟲害(hài)檢測(cè)等(děng)農業領域的(dí)優秀表現，展現了(liǎo)其*的洞(dòng)察力(lì)。然而(ér)，高光譜的(dí)“慧眼"並非止步(bù)於此，它正(zhèng)以其(qí)無創，精(jīng)準的特(tè)性，深入洞(dòng)察(chá)人體(tǐ)皮(pí)膚的生理指標，為醫(yī)學診(zhěn)斷和健康(kāng)管(guǎn)理(lǐ)開(kāi)辟(bì)新的篇章。

For a long time, hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technology has demonstrated its powerful insights through its excellent performance in agricultural fields, such as crop pest and disease detection. However, the "all-seeing eye" of hyperspectral technology does not stop there. With its non-invasive and precise characteristics, it is now delving into the physiological indicators of human skin, opening new chapters for medical diagnosis and health management. This technology captures spectral information from objects across different wavelengths, revealing deep physiological changes imperceptible to the human eye.

皮(pí)膚灌注與膚色影(yǐng)響

德(dé)國的(dí)一(yī)個研(yán)究團(tuán)隊(duì)將高(gāo)光(guāng)譜技(jì)術(shù)用於(yú)評估皮膚的(dí)灌(guàn)注(zhù)情況(kuàng)。它通過(guò)檢測組織(zhī)氧飽(bǎo)和度（StO2），組織血紅蛋(dàn)白指數（THI），近紅外灌注(zhù)指(zhǐ)數(shù)（NIR-index）和組織水(shuǐ)分指數(shù)（TWI）等生(shēng)理指(zhǐ)標，進而判(pàn)斷皮(pí)瓣(bàn)的(dí)血(xiě)流(liú)供應(yīng)。這些指標(biāo)的獲取(qǔ)是(shì)基於分析(xī)皮(pí)膚內氧(yǎng)合血紅蛋(dàn)白(bái)，脫氧(yǎng)血(xiě)紅(hóng)蛋(dàn)白(bái)和(hé)黑色(sè)素等內源性(xìng)發色(sè)團在不(bù)同波長(cháng)下的吸(xī)收和(hé)散(sàn)射特性。

研(yán)究發現，不同膚(fū)色和身體部位的皮(pí)膚呈現光譜(pǔ)差異(yì)。通(tōng)過(guò)分析(xī)這些(xiē)差(chà)異並(bìng)結合(hé)臨(lín)床數據(jù)，研究(jiū)揭示(shì)高(gāo)光(guāng)譜在(zài)淺膚(fū)色人群中(zhōng)灌注(zhù)評估效果更佳(jiā)，深(shēn)膚色(sè)受黑(hēi)色素影(yǐng)響較大，為未(wèi)來(lái)更精(jīng)準的個性(xìng)化評(píng)估(gū)提(tí)供了方向。

Skin Perfusion and Skin Tone Influence

A German research team utilized hyperspectral technology to assess skin perfusion. It determines the blood supply to skin flaps by detecting physiological indicators such as Tissue-oxygen-saturation (StO2), Tissue-hemoglobin-index (THI), Near-infrared-perfusion-index (NIR-index), and Tissue-water-index (TWI). The acquisition of these indicators is based on analyzing the absorption and scattering characteristics of endogenous chromophores within the skin, including oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, and melanin, at different wavelengths.

The study found that skin of different tones and body sites exhibits spectral differences. By analyzing these disparities and integrating clinical data, the research revealed that HSI's perfusion assessment is more effective in individuals with lighter skin tones, while darker skin tones are significantly influenced by melanin. This provides direction for more accurate personalized assessments in the future.

黑(hēi)色素，血紅(hóng)蛋(dàn)白(bái) （Hb） 種(zhǒng)類和(hé)水(shuǐ)的(dí)吸收(shōu)光譜

The absorption spectra of melanin, the hemoglobin (Hb) species and water.

4個組織指數的(dí)偽彩色圖像結(jié)果：StO2，NIR指(zhǐ)數(shù)，THI和TWI以及(jí)高(gāo)光譜(pǔ)係統的(dí)RGB圖(tú)像

Results for the false color images of the four tissues indices StO2, NIR-index, THI and TWI with the RGB image as shown by the HSI-device.

血(xiě)紅(hóng)蛋白與血氧飽(bǎo)和(hé)度(dù)

來自(zì)歐(ōu)洲和新(xīn)西(xī)蘭的科研團隊，展(zhǎn)示(shì)了高(gāo)光譜在(zài)檢測皮膚(fū)血(xiě)紅蛋白含(hán)量和血氧(yǎng)飽(bǎo)和度上的應用，並實現其二維可視(shì)化(huà)。血紅蛋白(bái)在(zài)特(tè)定波長下(xià)有(yǒu)明(míng)顯(xiǎn)吸收峰(fēng)，不同(tóng)血氧(yǎng)飽(bǎo)和度(dù)也(yě)會引起光譜細微(wēi)變化。研(yán)究利用(yòng)神(shén)經網絡(luò)分析這(zhè)些光譜(pǔ)特征，精確量(liáng)化並可(kě)視化(huà)了血紅蛋白和(hé)血氧飽和度。

皮(pí)膚(fū)的血紅蛋白含量和(hé)血氧飽和(hé)度是反映(yìng)人體血液循環和組(zǔ)織供氧(yǎng)情況的關鍵指標。精確檢測這些指(zhǐ)標對於評(píng)估貧血，缺氧(yǎng)等血液(yè)循(xún)環問題具有(yǒu)重要意(yì)義(yì)，能為(wéi)疾病(bìng)的早期診斷，治(zhì)療(liáo)效果(guǒ)監(jiān)測(cè)提(tí)供(gōng)客觀(guān)依(yī)據。

Hemoglobin and Blood Oxygen Saturation

Research teams from Europe and New Zealand showcased the application of hyperspectral technology in detecting skin hemoglobin content and blood oxygen saturation, enabling their 2D visualization. Hemoglobin exhibits distinct absorption peaks at specific wavelengths, and varying blood oxygen saturation levels lead to subtle spectral changes. The studies leveraged neural networks to analyze these spectral features, accurately quantifying and visualizing hemoglobin and blood oxygen saturation.

Skin hemoglobin content and blood oxygen saturation are crucial indicators reflecting human blood circulation and tissue oxygen supply. Precise detection of these indicators is vital for evaluating circulatory problems such as anemia and hypoxia, providing objective evidence for early disease diagnosis and monitoring treatment efficacy.

該(gāi)研(yán)究(jiū)的高(gāo)光譜數(shù)據處理流程圖

Flowchart of hyperspectral data processing

皮膚色(sè)素(sù)成(chéng)分分析(xī)

一個(gè)歐洲(zhōu)的科(kē)研團(tuán)隊利用了(liǎo)高光(guāng)譜(pǔ)技術，檢測皮(pí)膚中的黑(hēi)色(sè)素(sù)和血(xiě)紅蛋白(bái)等(děng)色素(sù)成分(fēn)，進而(ér)精(jīng)準測繪(huì)皮膚(fū)色素分布。不同(tóng)色(sè)素成(chéng)分在不同波(bō)長下有(yǒu)其光(guāng)譜特(tè)性，通過光學模型和(hé)反演算(suàn)法(fǎ)解析(xī)高(gāo)光譜(pǔ)數據，可實現(xiàn)色(sè)素成分的精確量(liáng)化(huà)和(hé)空(kōng)間分布圖(tú)繪(huì)製(zhì)，有(yǒu)助(zhù)於(yú)皮膚疾病診(zhěn)斷(duàn)，治療(liáo)效果(guǒ)評(píng)估及(jí)個(gè)性化護(hù)膚。

Skin Pigment Component Analysis

A European research team utilized hyperspectral technology to detect pigment components in the skin, such as melanin and hemoglobin, thereby accurately mapping skin pigment distribution. Different pigment components possess unique spectral characteristics at various wavelengths. By analyzing hyperspectral data through optical models and inversion algorithms, precise quantification of pigment components and the creation of spatial distribution maps can be achieved. This contributes to the diagnosis of skin diseases, evaluation of treatment efficacy, and personalized skincare.

利用女性(xìng)眼周(zhōu)區(qū)域的(dí)高(gāo)光(guāng)譜(pǔ)圖像獲得的(dí)(a)彩色(sè)圖(tú)像，(b)血容(róng)量分數(shù)密度圖(tú)，(c)黑(hēi)色素(sù)體(tǐ)積分(fēn)數(shù)密度圖(tú)，(d)血氧飽和圖。

Color image (a), and density images of blood volume fraction(b), melanin volume fraction (c) and oxygen saturation (d) issued from ahyperspectral image of female eye contour.

結語

高(gāo)光譜技術(shù)，以其優勢(shì)，正逐(zhú)步成為醫(yī)學(xué)領域的重要工具(jù)。它為(wéi)我(wǒ)們提(tí)供(gōng)了(liǎo)*的能(néng)力(lì)，深(shēn)入理(lǐ)解人(rén)體(tǐ)皮膚(fū)的復雜生理(lǐ)過程。

我們提供(gōng)的(dí)國產高(gāo)性(xìng)能(néng)高(gāo)光譜成(chéng)像係(xì)統，正(zhèng)是(shì)邁(mài)向這些應(yīng)用的(dí)基礎(chǔ)。憑(píng)借優秀的性能表(biǎo)現，它(tā)能(néng)為研究(jiū)和開(kāi)發(fā)提供(gōng)高精度(dù)，高質量的(dí)光譜(pǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。我(wǒ)們專業的(dí)團隊(duì)也具備(bèi)豐富的(dí)行業(yè)經(jīng)驗，可(kě)以(yǐ)提供專(zhuān)業的(dí)技(jì)術建議和(hé)支(zhī)持(chí)，幫助客戶(hù)實現(xiàn)特定(dìng)的診(zhěn)斷或(huò)分析功(gōng)能。

Conclusion

Hyperspectral technology, with its unique advantages, is gradually becoming a vital tool in the medical field. It provides us with unprecedented capabilities to deeply understand the complex physiological processes of human skin.

Our domestically produced high-performance hyperspectral imaging systems serve as the foundation for pursuing these applications. With exceptional performance, they provide high-precision, high-quality spectral data for research and development. Our professional team also possesses extensive industry experience, enabling us to offer expert technical advice and support to help clients achieve specific diagnostic or analytical functionalities.

案例(lì)來(lái)源(yuán) /  Source：

1. Pachyn, E. et al. (2024). Investigation on the influence of the skin tone on hyperspectral imaging for free flap surgery. Scientific Reports, 14, 13979.

2. Zherebtsov, E. et al. (2019). Hyperspectral imaging of human skin aided by artificial neural networks. Biomedical Optics Express, 10(7), 3545–3559.

3. Seroul, P. et al. (2016). Model-based Skin Pigment Cartography by High-Resolution Hyperspectral Imaging. Journal of Imaging Science and Technology, 60(6), 060404.